Research Paper on ‘The Story of an Hour’ by Kate Chopin an Example of the Topic Literature Essays by

Research Paper on ‘The Story of an Hour’ by Kate Chopin The story seems to ask the question that Why Mrs. Mallard dies at the end of the story? Is it really because of the joy that kills? The purpose of this research paper is to discuss the reason behind the protagonists sudden demise. I would like to put forward my point of view and what the author would have said to understand the cause of Louises death. Need essay sample on "Research Paper on The Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed In The Story of an Hour, Louise initial reaction to the news of her husbands death is to weep suddenly and wildly. But when she is alone in her room, she sits on a comfortable armchair staring at the open window: of the trees with new spring life, the air-breathing wonderfully of rain, a peddler crying his wares on the street below, the notes of a far-away song, numerous sparrows chirping in the eaves and bits of blue sky not covered by clouds. All these images of life reveal the vitality of her and her love for life. University Students Often Tell EssayLab specialists: I'm don't want to write my paper. Because I want to spend time with my girlfriend Essay writers suggest: Essay Company Professional Blog Writers For Hire Assignment Helper Online Top Essay Writing Louise knows that she will weep again when she sees her husbands kind and tender hands folded in death and who has always looked at her with her. However she also knows that most often she did not love her husband. This shows that there was lack of love in her marriage. We understand that her husband was kind and tender and loved her very must, but she may not have loved her husband wholeheartedly. Also she realizes: What could love, the unsolved mystery, count for in face of this possession of self-assertion which she suddenly recognized as the strongest impulse of her being!Kate Chopin). She realizes that love, the unsolved mystery is not significant as compared her self-assertion which she now posses. Sitting in the armchair, she continuously repeats the word free, which means that with the news of Mr. Mallards death, she feels a sense of freedom. Louise is a young woman. She is joyous that she can live the rest of her life for her alone. I think that the character felt subjugated and dominated in her marriage This line shows her sentiment: There would be no powerful will bending hers in that blind persistence with which men and women believe they have a right to impose a private will upon a fellow-creature. A kind intention or a cruel intention made the act seem no less a crime as she looked upon it in that brief moment of illumination, (Kate Chopin). My answer to the question asked by the story is that Louise does not die due to the joy of seeing her husband alive but due to her despair at seeing Mr. Mallard alive. Her dreams of having a new beginning, a fresh new life for her are crushed. She is sickened by the sudden appearance of her husband and by the realization that she has to resume her married life of subjugation with her husband. Louise loves herself and her freedom more than her husband. She wants to live her life on her terms and for alone. As mentioned in the story, she wanted a life not too long before the news of Mr. Mallards death. After the news, she craves for a longer life as she thinks that she could gain the freedom which she was deprived off. But seeing her husband alive and the resulting loss of her freedom, she losses the desire to live. The Story of an Hour was first published in Vogue in 1894 and is a short and very widely read story of Chopin. The story is about Louise Mallard's response to the news of her husband being killed and her sudden demise on his appearance. The story represents Chopin's notions of the role of women in marriage and female identity in the 19th century. During the time the story was written, women were considered inferior to men. They had no right to live their life in their terms. Women had lower status in marriage and society. There is a lot of irony in the story including the first and last section of the tale. The news of the killing of Mr. Mallard is notified to Mrs. Mallard with great care as she was affected with a heart ailment and in the end, the doctor concludes that the reason behind Mrs. Mallards death is the joy that kills. The story tells us that Kate Chopins answer would be that Mrs. Mallard died of grief and despair on knowing that her husband was still alive and the shatter ing of her new found freedom. Work Citation: SHALLA. Critical Analysis of 'The Story of an Hour.' Literary Analysis. Nicole Smith. Extended Plot Summary of "Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin. Kate Chopin: The Story of an Hour. 18 December 1998. 11 October 2008

Free Essays on Prohibitioin

From the late 1800’s to the early 1900’s, Prohibition was a part of everyone’s life. Political candidates were won and lost by either promoting or demoting the right to consume alcohol. The Prohibition movement focused on completely removing alcohol from our society and bettering family life. Alcohol was to be used only for sacramental and medicinal purposes. Men and boys were being turned by alcohol into drunken wife beaters and thieving vandals. Prohibitionists tried to persuade Americans to join the bandwagon and stop the sale and production of alcohol. In the story â€Å"Bessie’s Mother,† by Mary Waddell, Bessie was a young girl who was being put up for adoption by her mother. Although the young girl’s mother loved her dearly, she could not afford to take care of herself, let alone Bessie. Bessie’s mother had been left widowed by her drunken husband. With no coal to keep warm, not enough food for breakfast, and no money for rent, there was nothing else for Bessie’s mother to do. She was forced to give her daughter up for adoption. Alcohol ruined this family long before Bessie’s father died. In the last years of her father’s drunken life, he had wasted all of the family’s money of booze. He was most likely ever able to even work due to being hung-over or still drunk. He didn’t care for his family like a man should. Instead he drank himself to death, occasionally beating his wife and daughter. In this story, if it wasn’t for a kind hearted woman named Mrs. Brown, Bessie, and her mother would have perished in the bitter winter. Mrs. Brown was a woman without children that wanted children and decided to adopt Bessie. The fact that Bessie would never see her mother again tore her up and she refused to go live with Mrs. Brown, until Mrs. Brown offered Bessie’s mother a job as a cook so they could all live together, alcohol and worry free. The story of Bessie’s Mother was a compelling tal... Free Essays on Prohibitioin Free Essays on Prohibitioin From the late 1800’s to the early 1900’s, Prohibition was a part of everyone’s life. Political candidates were won and lost by either promoting or demoting the right to consume alcohol. The Prohibition movement focused on completely removing alcohol from our society and bettering family life. Alcohol was to be used only for sacramental and medicinal purposes. Men and boys were being turned by alcohol into drunken wife beaters and thieving vandals. Prohibitionists tried to persuade Americans to join the bandwagon and stop the sale and production of alcohol. In the story â€Å"Bessie’s Mother,† by Mary Waddell, Bessie was a young girl who was being put up for adoption by her mother. Although the young girl’s mother loved her dearly, she could not afford to take care of herself, let alone Bessie. Bessie’s mother had been left widowed by her drunken husband. With no coal to keep warm, not enough food for breakfast, and no money for rent, there was nothing else for Bessie’s mother to do. She was forced to give her daughter up for adoption. Alcohol ruined this family long before Bessie’s father died. In the last years of her father’s drunken life, he had wasted all of the family’s money of booze. He was most likely ever able to even work due to being hung-over or still drunk. He didn’t care for his family like a man should. Instead he drank himself to death, occasionally beating his wife and daughter. In this story, if it wasn’t for a kind hearted woman named Mrs. Brown, Bessie, and her mother would have perished in the bitter winter. Mrs. Brown was a woman without children that wanted children and decided to adopt Bessie. The fact that Bessie would never see her mother again tore her up and she refused to go live with Mrs. Brown, until Mrs. Brown offered Bessie’s mother a job as a cook so they could all live together, alcohol and worry free. The story of Bessie’s Mother was a compelling tal...

These books should be read by everyone.

These books should be read by everyone. Tiny Beautiful Things: Advice on Love and Life from Dear Sugar by Cheryl Strayed This is a real treasure for real romantics! The book is about how to become a real person with a capital letter. And everything began very modestly. Cheryl Strayed began to write columns for a literary site online. She used the pseudonym "Sugar". The result surpassed all expectations. Soon the world saw a podcast "Dear sugar radio". And then it came to the collection of NY Times-bestselling book compilation. If you pay attention to the cover, you can immediately understand what the author wants to say. Cheryl shows that in any situation there is something good. In the most terrible situations, we can remain the best people. If you are in trouble, read this book, and you will be able to look at the world and the situation from a different angle. This book is a kind of anecdotal guidance, which is read in one breath. The Defining Decade: Why Your Twenties Matter and How to Make the Most of Them by Meg Jay This book was written by a clinical psychologist with many years of experience in his field. This is a book for adults. Dr. MegJay tells about the success and how to achieve it. And literally in everything: personal growth, career, personal life, love, and romance... Of course, Dr. MegJay is not only a theorist but also a practitioner. She tells her story of success, the history of all life, from early childhood. This is a living example of how even the saddest story can be changed and get a happy end. The book motivates a person to realize their dreams and their potential. It will calm down any of your psychological fears. And it does not matter whether these fears are: fail in business or the fear of growing up. In fact, this book gives an incredible boost to every person. So strong push which your friends, career counselor, family, and therapist will not give you! The Untethered Soul: The Journey Beyond Yourself by Michael Singer The book became the number one in the category "Emotional Mental Health" on Amazon. After that, the book became a bestseller of "The New York Times". Imagine this? Each of us has an inner voice that can’t stop all day. Sometimes because of him, we can’t even sleep. For example, you think, "I forgot to turn off the iron... Oh, I think I'll be late again!... My mother was probably upset because of what I told her yesterday... I'm so hungry... Where did Jim buy this phone? I also want one... My boss did not raise me. But he promised me, and not once! ". Thanks to this book you will learn how to get some space from this voice and easily cope with yourself and with your own thoughts. You will find your way to harmony and happiness. And for this, you will need the principles of the ancient philosophy of the East and modern psychology. Relish: My Life in the Kitchen by Lucy Knisley Many people dream of learning how to cook. Or think that their wife or husband learn how to cook. But this is so great! You can save money for life, do not go to expensive restaurants. Your self-esteem will grow up! In fact, cooking is a functional and productive form of art, and you can practice this art every day. But you object that it is difficult to cook. That's why we recommend reading this book. This is a graphic memoir, reminiscent of an illustrated cartoon. Lucy Knisley will tell you and show you how to enjoy cooking with a prescription, buy only quality products and spices. It will help you figure out what you like in the kitchen (maybe it's even more important than what you like in bed?). While you are reading the book, Lucy Knisley seems to hold your hand and follow the way of culinary art with you. Fates and Furies by Lauren Groff This book was read by Barack Obama. According to NYTimes, this is a bestseller with very interesting characters. Believe me, you will read this novel even at night! It tells about the family life of a man and a woman. And in the first part of the book the story is conducted on behalf of a man, and in the second - on behalf of a woman. You will learn that a person's life can improve over the years. And these improvements depend on your personality, the actions you do, and on how they change or don’t change during life. The book tells how important it is to maintain one's personality in partnership with a husband/wife.

Sense of Self Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sense of Self - Essay Example His mindset concentrates deep and far away from the physical world. His plight for revenge against his uncle Claudius and his mother was delayed by his mindset being deep and far away from the physical world. He relates to other characters in the play through individualism of self. What makes Hamlet so distinctive from others is how he shows himself to others with all his human flaws. Every time Hamlet wakes up, his mind was preoccupied with his own thoughts something that intensifies his feelings and perceptions in everywhere he saw imperfections, worry, tension and confusion. This situation makes it impossible for him to solve his problems easily (Lee 174-178). Hamlet’ssense of self is shown his deep thoughts where although he knew Claudius killed his father and was not a noble king like his father, he does not want to kill him because he wanted to avoid civil war. Hamlet does not wish to plunge his country with chaos because of his own personal turmoil. He realized that this would happen when he kills Claudius. He also fails to combine the spiritual (in the form of his father’s ghost) with the situations that surrounds him every day. The ghost persuades him to take revenge of his father’s death but for him being a humanitarian and taking in to account his responsibilities as a prince and future king, hamlet avoids all this pressure to kill Claudius (Taylor 206). Hamlet was a thinking man, along the play he is shown to be always thinking about the things that lay ahead of him. Unfortunately, when the time to act came, he always pulled back because of his urge to believe. His capacity to think becomes a handicap to him rather than an advantage and the most painful or tragic part is that he was aware of his weakness. In act five scene one, Hamlet looked at the bones of many of the graveyards occupants including that of the great powerful Alexander and concludes that the

Compare To an Athlete Dying Young and Ex-Basketball Player Term Paper - 1

Compare To an Athlete Dying Young and Ex-Basketball Player - Term Paper Example Updike talks about this failure as he had first hand experience of watching young people in his town ruining their lives. As he once said, â€Å"One of the dominant impressions of my growing-up in Pennsylvania - where I saw a lot of basketball games, thanks to my fathers being a high-school teacher and a ticket taker at home games - was the glory of home-town athletic stars, and their often anti-climactic post-graduation careers† (Monroe, â€Å"Inside Game†). Both the titles of the poem are in sync with the context or the content. The titles foreshadow and hence provide the readers with a general idea about the respective subjects of the poems. The title of â€Å"To an Athlete Dying Young† also hints upon the fact that this poem might be an elegy as the readers later find it to be true since the poem deals with death and is written in the memory of an athlete. The tone of the â€Å"Ex-Basketball Player† appears to be pessimistic. In very simple words, the poet depicts his disappointment regarding the behavior of the youth. On the other hand, although â€Å"To an Athlete Dying Young† is an elegy yet it has a comparatively optimistic tone because it portrays death as not only bliss but also describes it as a new beginning. The setting of the poem â€Å"Ex-Basketball Player† is a dreary and a sort of rundown gas station of 1946. The setting of the poem also adheres to the disappointed or dejected mood/tone of the poem. On the other â€Å"To an Athlete Dying Young† is set in an anonymous nineteenth century in town and a cemetery in England. â€Å"Ex-Basketball Player† does not follow any set pattern of rhyme scheme. The poet makes use of the technique of free verse and hence in very simple words conveys the poets perspective to the readers. On contrary â€Å"To an Athlete Dying Young† is a Lyrical poem with a rhyme scheme of AABB. Although it is

Olga Semyonova’s Discovery of Peasantry Life Essay Example for Free

Olga Semyonova’s Discovery of Peasantry Life Essay Peasant life is known to be one of the lowest status situations in many parts of the world during the past. Many people are not give equal opportunities compared to those that have a higher status in life. Most often, they are treated like they are not people but slaves due to the lifestyle as well as the work they have. Most of the time, peasants rely on those that has a higher status of living to get work. Thus peasants are one of those unfortunate people who are present in the world. In the book written by Olga Semyonova Tian-Shanskaia and David L. Ransel, the life story of peasant life in Russia. In order to have an overview of the author’s desire to write this type of book, a short background of Olga Semyonova would be presented. Semyonova was born in the year 1863 into a very prominent and scientific family during those eras. The author was one of the daughters of Pytor Pertovich Semyonov who is a popular geographer, explorer and statistician. Through the explorations and attainments which were done by her father, he was acknowledged by the emperor and later added the name Tian-Shanskii. Semyonova’s father played a huge role in the life of peasants because he â€Å"designed the legislation for the emancipation of the Russian peasants for serfdom, a reform implemented in years 1861-1863. Throughout Semynova’s life, she was living in St. Petersburg and was traveling with her family abroad. More often than not, she spent her summers in Gremiachka which is her family’s estate located in Riazan Province. The location of their estate would later on be used to study the life of peasants. With the inheritance of her father’s attitude in exploration, Semyonova was able to do her own explorations regarding peasantry. (xix-xxi) Semyonova’s adult life was very tragic. Although she was very intelligent there was a point in her life that she shielded her self away from her social and intellectual life. She was offered by marriage by a young man who deeply fell in love with her. However, she declined the man. As a result, the young man decided to shot himself in the head and he eventually died. After such, she mostly spent her life living in their real estate which made her aware of the situations of the peasants around their area. (xix-xxi) During the nineteenth century Russian society was in crisis. For several people, the development of the country was slow in comparison to other countries such as Germany, France, England and the United States. These countries were the ones who educated the Russians which brought pressure to the country. In contrast, Russia was very far from these countries bases on their urbanization and industrialization. In addition, these countries have a much higher level of culture and general education. On the other hand, change was very rapid and people blamed the government with its persistence to catch up with the Western world. With the decision of the government, the Russian society was lead into a revolution. The Russians who were well educated were able to view the main sources of the said crisis. As these educated people said, the resolution of the rebellion depends on the actions and attitudes of the regular people such as the peasants who composed the eighty-five (85) percent of the Russian nation. Russian Peasants were the ones who dwell in the rural areas as well as those migrant workers or the industrial workers of the country in different parts of Russia. Peasants were also the ones who constitute the Russian armed forces. Thus, this made all the parties in Russia believe that they know the diverse situation in the villages. Therefore in their perspective, the armed forces have the right to speak for the whole Russian peasantry and all their concerns. However, all their assumptions are not true. Hence, the government was not able to address the problems which are faced by the peasants. In the whole book, the study which was utilized was made by Semyonov with the collaboration with another researcher named K. V. Nikolaevskii during the late 1890s. The study was done regarding the real situation of the peasants throughout those times in order to see the attitudes, aspirations and conditions of the peasants. In addition, the research regarding the lives of these people was regarding their customs, family life. However, there is a failed attempt to present the fluidity of peasantry life. During the time of Semyonova’s study of the peasantry life, she often noticed the she was similar to an outsider to the place. As evidence it was stated that, â€Å"She constituted her own identity as a person of Western scientific culture in opposition to the peasants she studied. According to her, the boundary between childhood and adulthood, so clearly demarcated in education society, collapsed in village society. Peasant children saw the world very much as did the adults† (xxi). Semyonova highlighted that such situations were possible due to the early exposure of children in the difficulties that is normally faced by adults. In addition, the view of point of peasants regarding â€Å"work, morality and property were likewise quite different from the perspective of Semyonova’s upbringing† (xii). Accordingly, there is a different treatment of women in the community in comparison to the treatment of women in the world known by Semyonova. In the book it is stated that, â€Å"†¦the treatment of women, whose lot as the brutalized work horses and chief preservers of social bonds in the family and community†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (xii). In the book, there are many social issues which were stressed by Semyonova. With all the studies observation and researches that she had done in the lives of Russian peasants, the author discovered many things that are very much different from her life while she was growing up. In order to fully represent the life of the peasants, Olga was able to coordinate with one of the peasants in order to properly present the whole community of peasants in general. The person interviewed was named Ivan. Similar to other peasants, the family of Ivan was working on a farm in order to live. As a matter of fact Ivan’s family had, â€Å"livestock at the time of Ivans birth included three horses (one of which was a yearling), fifteen sheep, one cow, a heifer, and a pig. Their hut, which was wooden, had three windows and an enclosed entryway (sentsa). Nearby were a workyard, a small granary, and a threshing barn. † In addition they family had the most important necessity for them to live, â€Å"Farm tools included two wagons, two wooden, wheelless plows, one harrow, two types of harnesses, two scythes, two rolls of sackcloth (veretia), a sleigh, an ax, two spades, and two flails† (Semyonova, 1). Thus without their farming tools they are not able to see that there are not able to provide for all the things that they need. In the life of Ivan, it was very obvious that culture, norms and economic status was very important. Through this, his upbringing and future is very much affected. In the third chapter which focuses on the issue of child birth. Semyonova highlights that a child if brought up in such type of environment could be affected while growing up. It was stated that, â€Å"their attitudes and behavior as conditioned by the promiscuous intimacy of peasant life† (22). She again states that children see things in a much matured way therefore she finds teenagers very promiscuous and sexual even in a young age. The author also made some comparisons regarding the â€Å"our children, that is the child or the educated urbanized people† (22) against those that live a peasant life. In addition, Seymonova highlights the difference between the lives of peasants in contrast of the urbanized people. Stating that to peasants, â€Å"Deceit to escape punishment was approved, as was the use of foul language or abuse of animals to vent frustration. Patriarchal authority was accepted implicitly; might makes right, and in a sense this brutal fact of life justified deceit and other means of avoidance to escape the dictates of authority and power† (22). With such lines, it is noticeable that the lives of well educated persons are very much different from those that live in peasantry whom have not experienced any education. In general, the life of peasants in Russia during the time of Seymonova does not have any type of opportunity to move forward from the difficulties that they are in. Only those that are privilege and rich are those that are given the right to be educated and move out from the situation they are in. In contrast, the situation of Russia in the current time is far more different from the past situation of peasants. It is not a secret that there are still poor people in Russia but due to various technologies and improvements in terms of laws and policies there are opportunities available for those that wanted to change their lives. Great schools are available and scholarship grants are offered for students who would like to create a change in their lives. Accordingly there are organizations that are very willing to help and provide trainings and assistance with regards to various subjects such are welfare, health services and the likes. Through this, the less fortunate people are educated with regards to their health and sexual relations. As stated by Seymonova, there are promiscuous actions which are made by young people thus; it could be assumed that early pregnancies and diseases are possibly taken a threat. In comparison to the current society of Russia, the awareness and education which are received by citizens protects them against possible sicknesses and threats that could lead to life threatening diseases. Thus, improvements of the benefits of the people have been done through out the years with the help of many changes in terms of government processes and activities. However, problems with regards to society cannot be fully addressed due to the lack of ability of the government to fully reach out to the people. As stated in the introductory pages of the book, that problems could only be resolved through the cooperation and desire of the poor to respond with the issues due to the high percentage rate of their constituents. Works Cited Semyonova Tian-Shanskaia, Olga and David L. Ransel. Village Life in Late Tsarist Russia. United States: Indiana University Press, 1993.

Blue People of Troublesome Creek :: essays research papers

The Blue people of Troublesome Creek, sounds like a title of fiction novel, but the Blue Fugates were no fictional characters, but they were real humans that lived not too far from where we are today. The Blue Fugates were a very close family live on the banks of eastern Kentucky's Troublesome Creek. Martin Fugate, a French orphan settled in Troublesome Creek and astonishingly Martin somehow managed to find a woman who carried the same, very rare disease. The disease, later discovered, was methemoglobinemia, a very rare heredity blood disorder caused by an inheritance of a gene as a simple recessive allele. What one wonders after hearing ?blue people? is if they were actually really blue in color? Well the answer is yes and no. Some of these people were, in fact, blue, but they were not completely covered with bright blue skin from head to toe. Although there were some cases though where most of an individual?s skin was blue, but for the most of them it was usually just their extremities and/or lips and parts of their face. Their color wasn?t completely blue but had more of just a bluish tint. It was not a bright blue like you are used to seeing but more or less of an ashen grayish that was mildly bluish in appearance but nevertheless they were ?blue,? some more than others. Since methemoglobinemia is a disease caused by a gene inherited as a recessive allele. To get the disease, one would have to inherit two genes, meaning one from each parent. Some of the Fugates children had just that and they had the disease while some were just carriers of the disease. Methemoglobinemia cases were significant among Alaskan Eskimos and Native Americans. The Eskimos and Native Americans were both inclusive groups that didn?t interact much with what was outside their worlds. The Blue People fit that category well because they were a very small community and since they all lived close together in small area, most of them isolated themselves from the outer world. That in turn, often led to interbreeding, where Fugates would marry other Fugates, or their neighbors, which could and very well may have been their cousins. The interbreeding kept the disease alive and spread it throughout the small community. Methemoglobinemia has no serious, life threatening effects and an individual who has the disease can live a normal healthy life.

American Dreams

The America dream is the dream of a land in which life is better, richer, and fuller for everybody. It is a land full of opportunities for everyone according their ability or achievement. It does not mean motor cars or high pays, but a dream of social orderliness where every person is able to achieve their full status of which they are naturally capable, and be known by for their abilities, irrespective of unexpected conditions of birth or position (Chu, para. 1). American dream coupled with escape from maltreatment in other people’s home country has always been the main driving force for immigrants to move to America.Throughout history, America has always been viewed by many as a place of numerous opportunities and easy life. By 20th century the American dream had started attracting a good number of immigrants from eastern and southern Europe. A substantial number of Italians, Poles, Greeks, Jews, Russians, and others moved to America to look for greener pastures (Adamson, p. 134). Chinese immigration to the US In many ways, the drive of the Chinese to move to the United States is quite the same as those of other immigrants.Others came to the US to live while some came so as to look for better economic opportunity (Daniels, p. 156). There is the third group of the immigrants who left China as contract laborers or refugees. As they came to the US, they brought their language, culture, and social institutions and customs. For the years they stayed in the US, they made permanent contributions to their new country and strived to become integral part of the American population (Ashabranner, p. 80). Chinese immigration can be grouped into three periods.The first group started moving to American in 1847 which was a short period after the California Gold Rush and stopped suddenly with the enactment of Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882. During this time, most Chinese who were mainly young males left their homes in rural China to the west of America to become laborer s. These young Chinese were hired to mine metals and minerals, construct railroads networks, salvage swamplands, build irrigation system, and operate highly competitive manufacturing industries and other jobs.Towards the end of 1882, the number of Chinese immigrants in the US were totaling to about 110,000 (Thernstrom, para. 6). The second period of immigration began in 1882 to 1965. During this time, immigration to the US was restricted and only diplomats, merchants, and students together with their dependents were allowed to move to the US. This period was also characterized by exclusion of Chinese Americans to ghettos which were popularly known as Chinatowns. These seclusions were found in major cities as well as isolated areas in the rural areas all over America (Jaynes, p. 320).Chinese in America during this period were not accorded democratic rights and this meant that they had to rely on courts and diplomatic channels to protect themselves. The Civil Rights Movement of 1965, more particularly the passage of Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Immigration and Nationality of 1965 opened a new chapter in the lives of Chinese American immigrants. As a result of these acts, Chinese were relieved from the vice of racial discrimination which they were experiencing before. The acts brought back the basic rights which the Chinese were denied there before (Ashabranner, p. 93).Under these new laws, many Chinese moved to the US every year to get together with their families and young Chinese organized movements to demand for racial equity and social justice (Adamson, p. 150). The third period of Chinese immigration to the US started in 1970s to the present time. During this period there were two groups of Chinese who moved to the US. The first group consisted of highly selected and well educated Chinese while the second group consisted of those Chinese who left their country to seek asylum in the US as a result of political instability or repression which was happening in East and Southeast Asia.There was also a third minor group which consisted of ethnic Chinese from Vietnam and Cambodia who left their country because of poverty and ethnic cleansing (Hoobler, para. 3). The type of settlement which was adopted by the Chinese was determined by racial segregation and economic development. Before the passage of Chinese Exclusion Act, the pattern of settlement was determined by economic development in western estates. Western economy was largely dependent on mining and railroad construction and as a result of this, majority of Chinese immigrants settled in California and states which were to the west of Rocky Mountains.Decline in these industries coupled with increasing anti Chinese feelings, Chinese left and shifted to import-export businesses and service manufacturing industries in towns like San Francisco, new York, Boston, Philadelphia, Chicago, Los Angeles, and Seattle. By 20th century, about 80% of the people who inhabited Chinatown in big cities in the US were Chinese (Ashabranner, p. 100). The Chinese American was viewed by the whites as people who cannot get assimilated and were denied this chance through exclusion and denial of citizenship.The Congress and the judiciary made decisions which made Chinese ineligible for naturalization and this made them politically disenfranchised in a country which was thought to be democratic. Chinese Americans developed their roots in Chinatowns, fought racism through forceful litigations, and took active roles in economic development projects and political movements to civilize China. Assimilation was perceived as something which could not be attained (Adamson, p. 370). In 19th century, most Chinese had given up and did not see the reason to continue staying in America.Because of this new mentality, they adapted to hardship and racial discrimination and turned to their lifestyle (Chu, para. 5). The Chinese lifestyle meant living modestly, observing Chinese customs and festivals which i ncluded family associations, sending remittance to the people left at home such as parents, wives, and children. Parents tried to inculcate Chinese language and culture in their children by sending them to Chinese schools within the community or back in China.They also encouraged them to excel in American education and the most important role they played in the lives of their children was to arrange for marriages between them (Daniels, p. 200). The Chinese also became members of social organizations and family associations that had a collective interest and protected the welfare of people who had the same family name. The organizations acted to mediate and solve conflicts, assist in securing jobs and housing, build schools and temples and fund social and cultural events.These activities brought mixed blessing to the community and in some situations, they became so powerful and oppressive to an extent of blocking social and political progress (Wu, para. 9). There are many aspects of Chinese food and items which have been incorporated into the American society and are still being used. Chinese tea became a famous beverage during the 18th and the 19th century. From 1960s, Chinese cuisine was introduced into the American diet (Takaki, para. 7). Chinese restaurants are scattered all over America in large and small cities.Main ingredients for preparing Chinese foods are now available in most supermarkets and lessons of Chinese cooking are common programs in televisions (Ashabranner, p. 130). The American dream which drove most Chinese to come to America was a mere fiction. The Chinese immigrants who migrated to America during the 19th century were faced with a lot of hardships which were contrary to the dream (Adamson, p. 500). They worked as laborers in the expanding American industries. Chinese laborers were very useful in California more so during the civil war.They served in wool mills, cigar, shoe, and garment industries. Chinese businessmen started their facto ries which competed with the whites’ factories. Chinese constituted about a quarter of labor force in California. Their labor was also sought all over America because it was cheap the slaves had been freed and there was labor deficit. Chinese were the first people to claim California gold fields which encouraged most people to move to the west. The Chinese were the people who started the period of railroad building.Several railroads they built in America facilitated opening of the valuable resources in most of the states. The lands where they lived on were transformed into farms which they cultivated, planted and harvested most of their food crops. They established vineyards, orchards, and ranches which were very important because they supplied fruits and vegetable to the major towns. The Chinese expertise was admired and imitated by other farms. Through the coming of the Chinese, the west of the country became independent and no longer relied on the east for products since t hey could was able to produce their own products.Through the hardships that the Chinese passed through while in America, it is worth noting that it is not possible to move to another county and feel comfortable as if you are in your own country (Chu, para. 9). Works cited: Adamson, Lynda G. , Literature connections to American history, K-6: resources to enhance and entice. California: ABC-CLIO, 1998. 542 pages. Ashabranner, Brent, Still a Nation of Immigrants. New York: Cobblehill Books, 1993. 131. Chu, Daniel, Passage To The Golden Gate. New York: Doubleday & Company, Inc. , 1967.Daniels, Roger, Guarding the Golden Door: American Immigration Policy and Immigrants since 1882. New York: Hill & Wang: 2005. 344. Hoobler, Dorothy, The Chinese American Family Album. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994. Jaynes, Gerald David, Immigration and race: new challenges for American democracy. Connecticut: Yale University Press, 2000. 327 pages. Takaki, Ronald, Journey to Gold Mountain. New Yo rk: Chelsea House Publishers, 1989. Thernstrom, Stephen, Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1980. Wu, Dana Ying-Hui, Coming to America. Brookfield: Millbrook Press, 1993.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Essay

A good sales-person is one who possesses personality traits that is in their innate nature to interact with others. These are often difficult to teach but can be developed with time, depending upon the individual’s motivation to excel in their field of work. This forms the intrinsic motivation. However, the motivational tendencies of an individual sales-person alone are insufficient as it is also dependent upon extrinsic motivational factors. (Luke Ali 2011). It is a force that can spur or discourage an individual from achieving the fullest potential in any field. It can take the form of monetary or non-monetary benefits, which encompasses the extrinsic motivation of the sales-person (Luke Ali 2011). Knowing the fact that monetary incentives have been deeply entrenched as the basic method of reward for employees; it must not be assumed that relying on this method solely will be effective. Companies have to consider immaterial benefits to motivate its staffs. What is motivation? Motivation is to initiate action on a certain task. It is to expand a certain amount of effort on that particular task and to persist in expanding effort over a period of time. Therefore motivation is a driving force that pushes people to work, put in effort in their work and working harder than the rest. How to motivate your sales force to have great performance? It’s not just about the paycheck. Effective incentive compensation management is based on an understanding of basic human motivation—on the importance of trust, self-esteem, social recognition and improved chances to fulfill one’s potential (Bakosh 2007, 3). Leadership Many people assume salespeople are motivated by money, and while this is largely true, it’s absurd to think they are motivated only by money. Salespeople are still human and while commission bonuses and sales spiffs will probably remain an important part of most sales compensation plans, studies consistently show that financial incentives never have the same lasting impact as an employee who is passionate about his work and it is a simply not possible to be passionate about something that you think is inferior. Besides instilling natural passion into your sales team, a salesperson who truly believes in his product or service is far more likely to sell with integrity. Good teamwork is crucial to job satisfaction because it gives employees a sense of accomplishment when the objective is attained. Inspirational sales leaders are well aware that different individuals have different motivations and needs, and they vary their own style accordingly. An especially effective leader with consciously assesses each sales representative’s â€Å"ideal level of energy†, and creates productive â€Å"stretch† for each person according to the level of tension at which each performs at his or her personal best. He inspires some representatives mostly through positive reinforcement—â€Å"you can do it, you’re the best†Ã¢â‚¬â€and others mostly through constructive criticism, each according to their individual profit le and preference. Compensation Plans A well-designed compensation plan is crucial for the success of a company, and must not be overlooked. It has the ability to motivate or de-motivate an employee. In truth, it is valid to imply that, in this context, an effective plan can inspire the sales-person to generate more revenue for the success of a sales company .Hence, when designing the plan it involves the consideration of multi-factorial elements (Growth Process Group 2011). Every step has a purpose and needs to be taken into account. The sales behaviour goals are often misinterpreted by organisations, hence resulting in the failure to motivate their employees. Lastly, the design guidelines encompass the classification of the job and its entitled incentives (Growth Process Group 2011). Compensation Plans †¢Salaries are fixed amounts per month or year for performing a role. †¢Commission is a payment based on the value of sales achieved. This constantly motivates the sales-person especially since his income is strictly dependent on his sales. †¢Salary-plus-commission plans offer an incentive above a basic salary that provides a high-degree of flexibility securing salary and profits but also surpass one’s performance (Tokarev Sergey 2010). †¢Bonuses is based on one’s achievement and not working hard alone. It is the results that matters and bonuses should not be restricted to keep employees from producing results. (Lee Ann Obringer 2011) †¢Long-term incentive plans like profit-sharing plan reward employee for their performance over a continued period of time. This helps retain, motivates employees and even improve their commitment. Maslow’s hierarchy needs Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is a motivational theory that illustrates that lower-needs need to first be satisfied before higher-needs can be pursued in a hierarchal sequence. Therefore, after a need is satisfied, it will cease to motivate an individual who will inevitably seek for the next higher-need. Each level requires different actions to meet these needs in order to effectively motivate. In relation to the compensation plans above, monetary benefits may only fulfil the lower needs for an individual. Ultimately, when these needs are achieved, it’s effectiveness in motivating individuals will gradually dwindle. Non-monetary benefits will then be necessary to satisfy the individual’s higher needs, in accordance to Maslow’s hierarchical system. Only through this, can companies sustain long-term motivational effects for its employees. In relation to the compensation plans above, monetary benefits may only fulfil in the lower needs for an individual temporarily. Ultimately, when these needs are achieved, non-monetary benefits will take precedence to satisfy the individual’s higher needs, in accordance to Maslow’s hierarchical system. Only through this, can it sustain long-term motivation effects. Yet, it is necessary to be weary that while Maslow’s theory has helped in the understanding of the application of compensation plans, applying this concept workplace can be tacky as different employees can be driven by different needs. Furthermore, there are insufficient evidences to substantiate the support of the hierarchy theory because its relevance to one job might not apply likewise to another (NetMBA 2010). A sales force specific hierarchy of motivational factors- Maslow hierarchy of motivation. By understanding how an integrated and holistic approach to motivation works the importance of trust, of self-esteem, of social recognition, of improved chances to fulfill one’s potential—traditional incentive compensation management strategies can be rethought and implemented in ways that improve the performance of the sales force and help the entire company achieve high performance (Bakosh 2007, 3).

Free Essays on Kkk Danger To Society

IS THE KKK A THREAT TO THE SOCIETY IN THE U.S The Ku Klux Klan or also known as the â€Å"K.K.K† is a dangerous threat to the society of The United States. This group has the soul purpose to violently hurt anyone who disagrees with their white supremacy. The KKK is a group of racist non-ethical human beings who should not be a part of our society. The Ku Klux Klan was founded in Pulaski, Tennessee, in 1865-1866 by six confederate veterans. This group started off as a small social organization, which later turned into a massive, hate organization. In Tennessee this became a group of violent people who would kill others if they appeared to threaten the movement of white supremacy. The common tactics and goals of the KKK were to do whatever they could to stop racial reform. They wore infamous white hoods and white clothes, and mainly rode at night like an underground army. African Americans, of course, were the main targets of Klan violence. The Klan wanted to really separate the African American culture away from their own society, especially at the end of slavery. Klan groups patrolled the roads especially at night to try to stop the movement of black families. They punished blacks that were defiant of white supremacy. To me that is so harsh because no black person is going to be in favor of white supremacy. A horrible display of Klan violence happened in 1963 when four black school children were killed as they attempted to attend a mass in a Birmingham church. Around this time many Klan attacks were happening resulting in the deaths of dozens and dozens of U.S citizens. The KKK is an awful group in the United States that is not getting any smaller. There are about three million Klan members in The United States today. The KKK is out of control and has to be brought to an end, but there are so many members it would be impossible. The KKK brings fear to my eyes, because it’s not just blacks they are after but itï ¿ ½... Free Essays on Kkk Danger To Society Free Essays on Kkk Danger To Society IS THE KKK A THREAT TO THE SOCIETY IN THE U.S The Ku Klux Klan or also known as the â€Å"K.K.K† is a dangerous threat to the society of The United States. This group has the soul purpose to violently hurt anyone who disagrees with their white supremacy. The KKK is a group of racist non-ethical human beings who should not be a part of our society. The Ku Klux Klan was founded in Pulaski, Tennessee, in 1865-1866 by six confederate veterans. This group started off as a small social organization, which later turned into a massive, hate organization. In Tennessee this became a group of violent people who would kill others if they appeared to threaten the movement of white supremacy. The common tactics and goals of the KKK were to do whatever they could to stop racial reform. They wore infamous white hoods and white clothes, and mainly rode at night like an underground army. African Americans, of course, were the main targets of Klan violence. The Klan wanted to really separate the African American culture away from their own society, especially at the end of slavery. Klan groups patrolled the roads especially at night to try to stop the movement of black families. They punished blacks that were defiant of white supremacy. To me that is so harsh because no black person is going to be in favor of white supremacy. A horrible display of Klan violence happened in 1963 when four black school children were killed as they attempted to attend a mass in a Birmingham church. Around this time many Klan attacks were happening resulting in the deaths of dozens and dozens of U.S citizens. The KKK is an awful group in the United States that is not getting any smaller. There are about three million Klan members in The United States today. The KKK is out of control and has to be brought to an end, but there are so many members it would be impossible. The KKK brings fear to my eyes, because it’s not just blacks they are after but itï ¿ ½...

Behaviour Management

This policy is supplemented by KIDS physical constraints and restraint policy and procedures. 2. General Positive behaviour management Policy 2. Philosophy KIDS believes that children flourish best when their personal, social and emotional needs are met and where there are clear developmentally appropriate expectation for their behaviour. KIDs aims to promote positive behaviour throughout its settings and to help the children understand and respect the needs and rights of others. 2. 2 Aims and guidelines These guidelines concern both the physical and emotional care of the child(ren) looked after. 1. All children have certain physical and emotional needs. The most obvious ones are warmth, comfort, adequate food and sleeping arrangements, cleanliness, exercise and rest as necessary. Some children with a disability may have additional physical needs, such as extra warmth, physical supports and equipment, special exercises or physiotherapy and medical requirements. 2. The emotional needs of all children include security, affection, consistent responses from those around them, a recognisable routine (e. g. at bedtime and mealtimes), exceptions which are appropriate for their stage of development, and opportunities for playing and having fun and approval. 3. We expect our staff to be aware of these physical and emotional needs and, with the help of parents and KIDS staff to meet them for every child s/he cares for. . All children need to have limits set when their behaviour is not acceptable. If children feel secure and understood, the incidents of disruptive behaviour are greatly reduced. Children rarely demonstrate inappropriate behaviour without good reason. It is the task of the worker to try and understand why a child is behaving in a particular way. 2. 3 Appro priate use of sanctions Any sanction used must be related to the child’s age and level of understanding, realistic and sensitive; enforceable, and applied consistently. It is preferable, if possible, that there is continuity in the setting of limits and how behaviour is managed between all those involved in the care of a child. 3. Positive behaviour management procedures †¢ Reasonable steps must be taken at all times to ensure a healthy and safe environment. Staff provide a role model for children, and the development of consistent attitudes to safety and good practice by staff should have a beneficial effect upon the children. †¢ Basic playground rules – drawn up in consultation with the children -help ensure the service operates smoothly. There should be a friendly, welcoming atmosphere that promotes respect between all children and Playworkers. †¢ There should be a wide range of culturally appropriate activities and images available to all the children. †¢ The team must be consistent in the methods they use, back each other up and support each other. Experiences should be shared and discussed at team meetings. †¢ S taff should challenge discriminatory comments (see KIDs anti bullying policy) and take positive action to overcome unacceptable behaviour. Strategies for dealing with this should be discussed with staff and, where appropriate, parents/carers. Staff should talk to children about their behaviour and consequences of negative behaviour. 4. Dealing with conflict 4. 1 Dealing with conflict: principles All playgrounds aim to develop a safe environment in which children are encouraged to express themselves freely, and which fosters the social and emotional development of the children who come to the site. Conflicts do arise at times, and incidents need to be handled sensitively and consistently. Conflicts can occur for various resons, including frustration, disruptive/uncooperative behaviour, lack of space, competition over equipment, bullying and teasing, and misunderstandings When conflicts do arise it is essential that: †¢ Actions are taken to calm the children down, and to allow them to express how they are feeling in a way that is safe to other children. †¢ A positive, calm approach is maintained, both physically and verbally. †¢ Negative behaviour is not rewarded. †¢ The response to a situation should take account of the child’s level of understanding/ability. Blame is not attributed to individuals in situations involving more than one child. The focus should always be on dealing with unacceptable behaviour, the children should never feel it is they who are unacceptable. 4. 2 Effective and appropriate sanctions The principles of effective sanctions are generally that they should: Be as informal as possible, and not escalate. Be as balanced by rewards Be as near in time as possible to the offence, be relevant and understood, and be seen to be just. Follow from clear rules and explanations from the worker as to what is expected of the child. The following are examples of what sanctions may be used: Reasonable defence of oneself from, or restraint of, a child who is lashing out. â€Å"Holding† firmly, but carefully, can be helpful to a younger child. If in the situation of any of these are likely to lead to injury, it is sensible not to use them, and to know what or may not be safe in relation to the child’s disability. Shouting or clapping your hands, for example, as a distraction to a toddler in a dangerous situation. Withdrawal of sweets or special food/ drink treats, or TV, for a limited period – the younger the child, the shorter the length of time this should continue. Sending a child to another room for a short period (but checking on them regularly whilst they are alone is sensible and shows you are still caring). Imposing closer supervision – keeping the child with you. Keep balancing the sanctions with rewards (especially praise) for good behaviour, so that the negative cycle does not take over. Keep a record of problems and sanctions so that you can refer to it to keep an account of the child’s progress and also for reasons of accountability is a complaint is made. It is sometimes necessary to physically retrain a child who is about to harm him/herself, others or property. For conditions and procedures applicable to physical restraint, please refer to KIDS Physical contact and restraint policy. All uses of physical restraint must be recorded. 4. 3 Examples of unacceptable sanctions The list below is intended as general guidance of sanctions that are unacceptable and is not inclusive. The omission of any particular practice does not imply that is it acceptable. Staff will have the opportunity to raise issues arising from their work, for discussion and clarification within supervision. Use corporal punishment e. g. lapping, hitting a child with an implement (for example, a belt or slipper), throwing a missile, shaking, rough handling, squeezing, pushing and punching/ Impose a punishment which ridicules a child e. g. clothes which draw attention to them inappropriately, clothes which are too small or too large, pyjamas during the day, humiliating a child deliberately in front of others. Deny a child food or drink, or the normal ranges/he expects. Coerce a child to eat what you know s/he does not like and is not normally expected to eat. Deliberately frighten, intimidate, threaten or belittle a child, or lock her/ him in e. . a cupboard, bedroom, or send them to bed unreasonably early. Restrict or withhold medication, which could be dangerous. Deprive a child of sleep. Involve the child in any physical contact, which is inappropriate in view of their history, which s/he might see as threatening or uncomfortable, or which exposes the worker or child to the arousal of sexual feelings. Review This policy will be reviewed annually and if necessary adjusted to: – incorporate any changes to legislation; – include any improvements that may have been identified. Most recent review: May 2008 Behaviour Management This policy is supplemented by KIDS physical constraints and restraint policy and procedures. 2. General Positive behaviour management Policy 2. Philosophy KIDS believes that children flourish best when their personal, social and emotional needs are met and where there are clear developmentally appropriate expectation for their behaviour. KIDs aims to promote positive behaviour throughout its settings and to help the children understand and respect the needs and rights of others. 2. 2 Aims and guidelines These guidelines concern both the physical and emotional care of the child(ren) looked after. 1. All children have certain physical and emotional needs. The most obvious ones are warmth, comfort, adequate food and sleeping arrangements, cleanliness, exercise and rest as necessary. Some children with a disability may have additional physical needs, such as extra warmth, physical supports and equipment, special exercises or physiotherapy and medical requirements. 2. The emotional needs of all children include security, affection, consistent responses from those around them, a recognisable routine (e. g. at bedtime and mealtimes), exceptions which are appropriate for their stage of development, and opportunities for playing and having fun and approval. 3. We expect our staff to be aware of these physical and emotional needs and, with the help of parents and KIDS staff to meet them for every child s/he cares for. . All children need to have limits set when their behaviour is not acceptable. If children feel secure and understood, the incidents of disruptive behaviour are greatly reduced. Children rarely demonstrate inappropriate behaviour without good reason. It is the task of the worker to try and understand why a child is behaving in a particular way. 2. 3 Appro priate use of sanctions Any sanction used must be related to the child’s age and level of understanding, realistic and sensitive; enforceable, and applied consistently. It is preferable, if possible, that there is continuity in the setting of limits and how behaviour is managed between all those involved in the care of a child. 3. Positive behaviour management procedures †¢ Reasonable steps must be taken at all times to ensure a healthy and safe environment. Staff provide a role model for children, and the development of consistent attitudes to safety and good practice by staff should have a beneficial effect upon the children. †¢ Basic playground rules – drawn up in consultation with the children -help ensure the service operates smoothly. There should be a friendly, welcoming atmosphere that promotes respect between all children and Playworkers. †¢ There should be a wide range of culturally appropriate activities and images available to all the children. †¢ The team must be consistent in the methods they use, back each other up and support each other. Experiences should be shared and discussed at team meetings. †¢ S taff should challenge discriminatory comments (see KIDs anti bullying policy) and take positive action to overcome unacceptable behaviour. Strategies for dealing with this should be discussed with staff and, where appropriate, parents/carers. Staff should talk to children about their behaviour and consequences of negative behaviour. 4. Dealing with conflict 4. 1 Dealing with conflict: principles All playgrounds aim to develop a safe environment in which children are encouraged to express themselves freely, and which fosters the social and emotional development of the children who come to the site. Conflicts do arise at times, and incidents need to be handled sensitively and consistently. Conflicts can occur for various resons, including frustration, disruptive/uncooperative behaviour, lack of space, competition over equipment, bullying and teasing, and misunderstandings When conflicts do arise it is essential that: †¢ Actions are taken to calm the children down, and to allow them to express how they are feeling in a way that is safe to other children. †¢ A positive, calm approach is maintained, both physically and verbally. †¢ Negative behaviour is not rewarded. †¢ The response to a situation should take account of the child’s level of understanding/ability. Blame is not attributed to individuals in situations involving more than one child. The focus should always be on dealing with unacceptable behaviour, the children should never feel it is they who are unacceptable. 4. 2 Effective and appropriate sanctions The principles of effective sanctions are generally that they should: Be as informal as possible, and not escalate. Be as balanced by rewards Be as near in time as possible to the offence, be relevant and understood, and be seen to be just. Follow from clear rules and explanations from the worker as to what is expected of the child. The following are examples of what sanctions may be used: Reasonable defence of oneself from, or restraint of, a child who is lashing out. â€Å"Holding† firmly, but carefully, can be helpful to a younger child. If in the situation of any of these are likely to lead to injury, it is sensible not to use them, and to know what or may not be safe in relation to the child’s disability. Shouting or clapping your hands, for example, as a distraction to a toddler in a dangerous situation. Withdrawal of sweets or special food/ drink treats, or TV, for a limited period – the younger the child, the shorter the length of time this should continue. Sending a child to another room for a short period (but checking on them regularly whilst they are alone is sensible and shows you are still caring). Imposing closer supervision – keeping the child with you. Keep balancing the sanctions with rewards (especially praise) for good behaviour, so that the negative cycle does not take over. Keep a record of problems and sanctions so that you can refer to it to keep an account of the child’s progress and also for reasons of accountability is a complaint is made. It is sometimes necessary to physically retrain a child who is about to harm him/herself, others or property. For conditions and procedures applicable to physical restraint, please refer to KIDS Physical contact and restraint policy. All uses of physical restraint must be recorded. 4. 3 Examples of unacceptable sanctions The list below is intended as general guidance of sanctions that are unacceptable and is not inclusive. The omission of any particular practice does not imply that is it acceptable. Staff will have the opportunity to raise issues arising from their work, for discussion and clarification within supervision. Use corporal punishment e. g. lapping, hitting a child with an implement (for example, a belt or slipper), throwing a missile, shaking, rough handling, squeezing, pushing and punching/ Impose a punishment which ridicules a child e. g. clothes which draw attention to them inappropriately, clothes which are too small or too large, pyjamas during the day, humiliating a child deliberately in front of others. Deny a child food or drink, or the normal ranges/he expects. Coerce a child to eat what you know s/he does not like and is not normally expected to eat. Deliberately frighten, intimidate, threaten or belittle a child, or lock her/ him in e. . a cupboard, bedroom, or send them to bed unreasonably early. Restrict or withhold medication, which could be dangerous. Deprive a child of sleep. Involve the child in any physical contact, which is inappropriate in view of their history, which s/he might see as threatening or uncomfortable, or which exposes the worker or child to the arousal of sexual feelings. Review This policy will be reviewed annually and if necessary adjusted to: – incorporate any changes to legislation; – include any improvements that may have been identified. Most recent review: May 2008

Variable pay strategy and program for an online retailer Research Paper

Variable pay strategy and program for an online retailer - Research Paper Example Variable pay can at times be long termed (more than a year) while at times it can be short termed (less than a year). Incentives refer to pre determined standards or criteria used in award determination. Bonuses on the other hand are wards delivered to the people concerned at the end of a certain period. The period on the case of bonuses is determined by the subject judgment of the quality of the performance while a reward is warranted (Variable Pay and Performance Linked Incentives, 2010). Strategy An effective variable pay program is as result of a strategic variable pay strategy, this strategy acts as a guideline for a quality design and program administration. A strategic program has the following characteristics: the clearly fit in the organizational structure and are steers of the organizations success. For a strategy to contribute to the success any organization, it must be in line with the mission and vision of the organization concerned. The speed of a strategy does not brin g about and importance because most likely it may be speeding to the wrong direction. A quality and strategic program should target to meet the objectives of the organization by lying down the require plans which if properly and rightfully administered, it would take the firm to another level. The strategy of the program should be also sound enough to bring about sustainability of the firm putting in consideration all the core strengths of the organization. It is also critical for a strategy to be in a specific context. It must bring out feasibility where it suits with the culture of the organization and that of the human resource, this must consider the organizational environment and realities that exists. Integration must also prevail where the structure of the program suits in the structure of the specific organization including the human resource’s structure. The program must also be flexible enough to respond to appropriateness and changes within an organization (Variabl e Pay Plan Development, 2011). There are differences between other compensations and variable pay, this differences occur on the bases of benefits and base pay. Variable pay program does not fit in entitlement cultures, this is because it’s not career annuity where base pay increase and must be compensated trough earnings over the given period. In reference to financial perspective, variable pay is a variable cost but the benefits and base pay are naturally fixed. There are difficulties in administering variable pay, competitive measurements is on of these difficulties. Levels of variable pay vary dramatically unlike levels of base pays, this helps in transforming average of the prevailing market into a broad-range, other than a specific point. One of the major characteristic of these variable pays is that it can be combined with other components to evaluate the performance of different levels in the organization both long term and long term (Variable Pay and Performance Link ed Incentives, 2010). The most significant benefits associated with variable pay compared to other types of compensations it that cost related to planning can be combined with performance/revenues and therefore vary economically. In Alaska, there is an advantage of using this kind of system because when the world’s economy is open to large variation, it carries with itself competitive advantage because the situation disadvantages them